Fatima is in an area which is very dry. In fact, at the time of the apparitions, water was very hard to acquire here. So imagine how it was when the fame of Fatima spread across the world. There would be hundreds and thousands of pilgrims coming here and water would be a big issue. This troubled the bishop at that time and he suggested to dig a well at the spot where the three shepherd children were at the time of the apparitions. Despite the ridicule, the well was eventually dug and, lo and behold, there was indeed water.
After that, a few more wells were dug up to serve the needs of the sanctuary. It is said to be miraculous so people from all over would come with containers and bring back water from Fatima in the hopes for curing someone who needs it. It would probably be more appropriate to call it a fountain now. There would be dispensers here where people could collect the water. For those who prefer a nicer container, they sell them at the souvenir shops in Fatima. Whether the water is miraculous or not, I don’t really need to know, but it seems to be part and parcel of any apparition site.
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